Autodesk Fusion 360 exports DWG and DXF files in centimeters (cm), similar to Inventor. If you are working in mm, convert the resulting AutoCAD file to mm by scaling it 10x (_SCALE). Remember that a DWG file uses dimensionless "drawing units" by default. The specific physical units/size of these drawing units is only needed for dimensions and plotting (_PLOT or layouts/paperspace).
If you work in inches in Fusion 360, change the document units to centimeters before exporting. This will convert the document to centimeters, and a 1-inch edge will automatically convert to 2.54 centimeters, keeping its size unchanged.
If you open a DWG or DXF file in another CAD application, the unit conversion may be affected by that application's unit settings.
When importing a DWG/DXF file back into Fusion 360, the original size remains unchanged. If you import a DWG file created in AutoCAD into Fusion 360, the unit settings from _UNITS or _-DWGUNITS are respected. So a 100-unit cube in units of [mm] created in AutoCAD and loaded via DWG into Fusion 360 will be 100 mm in Fusion, a 100-unit cube in units of [cm] will be 1000 mm in Fusion.
Note: a DWG/DXF file exported from Fusion 360 doesn't have a "wrong" scale - it's just that every DWG file is always in some "drawing units", and for Fusion exports, that drawing unit is the centimeter. Only if you, for some reason, say that you want to consider the millimeter as your "drawing unit" in AutoCAD, you have to enlarge the model 10x.